A Report On Eod Robotics - 880 Words

September 29, 2016 Bill Schultz Mrs.Mashock EOD Robotics EOD Robotics Introduction Eod robots are part of the reason people don t get blown up while walking down the street. However not everyone has explosives they can use for blowing people up. Eod robots are robots used by bomb disposal teams, EOD stands for explosives ordinance disposal. The remote-controlled, heavy-duty robot tEODor (telerob Explosive Ordnance Disposal and observation robot) is designed and manufactured by Telerob. Telerob is a business unit of Cobham Unmanned Systems. The robot is designed to provide enhanced bomb disposal capabilities to explosive ordnance disposal (EOD) teams. The robot offers high reliability and excellent manoeuvrability. It can be used to identify and disarm booby traps, fireworks, improvised explosive devices and other dangerous objects in closed areas, buildings and vehicles. It also performs reconnaissance, monitoring and investigation of objects in extra dangerous conditions.The tEODor bomb disposal robot system is in service with military and law enforcement units of more than 41 countries worldwide. The battery-powered tEODor robot system features modular design incorporating a wide array of accessories and advanced technical capabilities. The robot has a length of 1.3m, width of 6.85m, a height of 1.24m and a weight of 375 kg. It can carry a payload of 350 kg. tEODor can be equipped with chemical and radiological sensors for recon activities.The x-ray device isShow MoreRelatedEssay On Unmanned System743 Words   |  3 Pagessweat in little time even in cooler weather. Once all carbon fiber is properly sprayed down then the respirator and Tyvek suit can be removed. My thought is why couldn’t a robot perform some of these tasks to keep human risk at a minimum? For this report will only focus on responders to crash site after the fire is extinguished. The obvious need for a robot in this scenario is health of humans. With cameras and sensors attached to a robot an operator could guide the robot around the crash site evaluatingRead MoreIrobot Market Mix5083 Words   |  21 Pagescompanies to introduce robotic technology into the consumer market. Home care robots were iRobot’s most successful products, with over 5 million units sold worldwide and accounting for over half of its total annual revenue. iRobot had a long-standing contractual relationship with the U.S. government to produce robots for military defense. iRobot was fully gauged toward first mover radical innovation with an extensive RD budget. Made up of over 500 of the most distinguished robotics professionals in theRead MoreArtificial Intelligence and the Modern Military3400 Words   |  14 Pagesdesigned to reduce or eliminate the need for combat soldiers on missions or tasks that are considered to dangerous for human operators. These missions or task include Biological or Chemical detection, Explosive Ordinance Detection and Demolition (EOD), High value target identification and covert tracking, and Treat Detection and Neutralization. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is finally reaching the point where it is now feasible, and is starting to demonstrate its capabilities in the combat environmentRead MoreSwat8386 Words   |  34 Pages4.1.1 SWAT teams conducting hostage rescue operations should train their personnel on the following competencies: †¢ Threat assessment †¢ Intelligence gathering techniques †¢ Reconnaissance techniques †¢ Technology support (robotics, electronic surveillance) †¢ Tactical planning (timing and transition of crisis, deliberate, contingency phases) †¢ Adherence to priority of life matrix †¢ Breach point analysis (mechanical, explosive, thermal, ballistic) †¢ Read MoreArmy Regulation 190–5137102 Words   |  149 Pagesproperty. This authority may be delegated to commanders in the grade of lieutenant colonel. e. Unit commanders or activity chiefs will control and safeguard all supply and equipment areas within their command or activity. They will— (1) Promptly report to the provost marshal or equivalent organization, investigate, and resolve incidents involving loss, theft, misuse, or damage of Army resources. (2) Establish end–of–day security checks using Standard Form (SF) 701 (Activity Security Checklist)

Business Plan for a Dive Shop - 10436 Words

Preface Throughout the past block, MRT Management has been working on a business plan which from MRT Management prospective will have great an opportunity to become a successful business. MRT had to implement all the knowledge gained during the past three years at the Hotelschool The Hague in order to accomplish this report. Furthermore, personal experience and knowledge as well as intensive research were the foundation of this report. The following Business Plan is written for the benefit of our coach, Mrs. Jooste, and all other lecturers and teachers who helped and guided us through the process of developing our idea. Moritz von Kummer, Roger Langmann and Thijs van Schijndel (MRT Management) hope that this report is easy to read,†¦show more content†¦Security, comfort and the well being of DSDA guests are the core points of the dive shop idea Ââ€" in cooperation with the experienced and well known Sheraton Mirage Resort and Spa. In comparison with competitors DSDA will offer distinguishable and unique products such as: #9679; Rescue Diver #9679; Dive Master #9679; Treasury Snorkeling #9679; Deep sea diving #9679; Night diving #9679; Photography Course Additional focus will be put on employees and their level of education. Due to the widespread target market and different nationalities of DSDA customers, staff needs to speak different languages. This will be trained every six month in language programs as well as training courses regarding service procedures and handling latest dive technology. The total investment for the first year is $ 385.044,78. The three managing partners will all put in $ 15.000 into the investment. The silent investor will invest $109.017,91 and the rest of the investment will come from the bank, namely 60%. The assets of DSDA will be the collateral for the loan. The investment will cover the costs of buying equipment as well as the pre opening expenses. DSDA will become more and more profitable over the duration of its operations. The revenue as well as the net income will increase continuously as shown below. The revenue in the first year will be $ 1.117.676,00, inShow MoreRelatedMarketing Analysis : Paradis Adventure1715 Words   |  7 Pagesmarket share before any competitors arise. The marketing report aims to give a realistic approach into improving the current situation of the company and introduce this new product to the market and use the plan as an advantage for its future. Many locals and tourist come to snorkel and dive in Trinidad and Tobago in popular areas such as; Macqueripe Bay and in Trinidad s north-western peninsula â€Å"Down the Islands† as well as Tobago’s finest Englishman’s Bay and Lovers Bay, Charlottesville. In anRead MoreIndustry Analysis: Bowling Center1332 Words   |  6 Pagesalmost entered in this industry in 1988 with a business partner, but things did not go as planned. 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Misconception and Misdiagnosis of Tourette Syndrome Free Essays

{draw:g} {draw:g} {draw:g} Tourette syndrome, (TS), named after Gilles de la Tourette who discovered the condition, is a disorder that causes motor and vocal tics due to a chemical imbalance in the brain. Neurotransmitters constantly misfire in the brain of a TS sufferer releasing a chemical, known as dopamine, which transmits signals to many parts of the body causing these uncontrollable tics. Lange, Olivier and Meyer (2003) states, â€Å"This neuropsychiatric disorder is, in all likelihood, genetically determined and associated with neurotransmitter (â€Å"chemical†) imbalances in the brain. We will write a custom essay sample on Misconception and Misdiagnosis of Tourette Syndrome or any similar topic only for you Order Now Although there is no known cure for TS, medications are available that help control the condition. Society often misunderstands those who suffer from TS, because the condition is commonly misdiagnosed and misunderstood. There are many misconceptions about TS and much of society is poorly educated and misinformed about the condition. Physicians do not refer to TS as a disease, but more commonly as a â€Å"condition†, even though people lend to view those who suffer from TS as having some debilitating disease. Although this is not an accurate conception of syndrome, some patients with severe case may suffer some type of debilitation. One of the most common misconceptions that society has regarding TS patients is that they curse uncontrollably in public. The media contributes to this by depicting characters with the syndrome in movies displaying this type of behavior. This is entirely inaccurate and represents only a small percentage of TS patients with more severe cases. Society is also guilty of misrepresenting and misunderstanding people with TS, often using hurtful quips or acting out in jest towards people who have this condition. This is not only psychologically damaging to TS patients but can temporarily cause tics to become more severe due to stress and discomfort associated with ridicule. TS is no joking matter and is a serious condition that affects the daily lives of many people. There are public awareness groups that have information needed to provide better understanding of TS as well as how to live with the condition once diagnosed. The most notable is the Tourette syndrome association (TSA) founded by group of medical professionals, laypeople and TS patients. This organization educates people about the condition and provides assistance, information and encouragement to those who have it. TSA has been instrumental in bridging the gap between the medical profession and the public. Tourette syndrome generally develops in early childhood between ages of four and eight. Mayo clinic staff (2004) wrote the following: â€Å"The first symptom of Tourette syndrome is usually a facial tic, such as eye blinking. As many as 1 in 200 children develop tics that last only a few weeks or months and then stop. Tourette syndrome, however, involves multiple motor and vocal tics that have lasted longer than a year. Children with TS, like a percentage of children who develop tics that eventually disappears, often experience a wax and wane of tics over a long period, making it difficult condition to diagnose. The symptoms of TS include motor and vocal tics as well as behavior symptoms such as obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and attention-deficit hyper-acti vity disorder (ADHAD). Motor tics may include heard jerking, eye blinking or twitching, shoulder shrugging as well as unusual torso or limber movements. Vocal tics include throat clearing, coughing, humming and uncontrollable cursing. OCD and ADHAD are psychological co-morbid behaviors that are associated with many patients with TS. Although there is no guaranteed predisposition to these co-morbid behaviors for every TS patient, it does play an active role in most cases. Budman and Feirman (2001) stated, â€Å"Disturbances of affective regulation, including mood disorders, OCD, obsessive-compulsive symptomatology, non-OCD anxiety disorders, ADHAD, personality disorders, and self-injurious behaviors, have been reported to occur more frequently among patients with Tourette’s syndrome who are seen in clinical settings. Again, this is not a medical adherence to a guaranteed predisposition to these behaviors. It is; however, a good indication that they are likely occurring more often than not in TS patients. This supports many doctors and physicians belief that TS is a genetically inherited condition. Effective diagnosis of TS is a long-term process. In order for doctors to make a positive diagnosis, monitoring of patients for a period of several months is necessary to determine critical question is the degree to which tics are interfering with the child’s emotional, social, familial, and school experiences. To determine this, it is useful to monitor symptoms over a few months in order to assess their severity and fluctuation, impact on the family, and the child’s and A medical professional skilled in the observation and treatment of TS is required to make accurate diagnosis. Just as Gilles de la Tourette observed long ago, most doctors and leading experts still believe there are genetic linkages associated with TS. Leckman (1997) states, â€Å"Gilles de la Tourette’s original reports hypothesized an etiologic role for hereditary factors. Subsequent twin and family studies confirm that genetic factors play an important role in the transmission and expression of TS. † practitioners believe that natural and behavioral methods can assist in the control and tolerance of TS, although there is no agreement about treatment in this manner. The most effective treatment, although not without substantial risks and side effects, is that of pharmacotherapy. Medications can reduce symptoms of TS significantly but ultimately may cause side effects, which are also difficult to live with. Alpha-adrenergic medications such as Clonidine and Atypical and typical neuroleptics such as haloperidol and pimozide, though studied and administered the most can have more severe side effects. Neuroleptics cause side effects that include weight gain, sedation, and EKG abnormalities. Alternative treatments such as relaxation and discipline techniques can be effective in reducing the onset and severity of tics but only provide temporary relief of symptoms. As TS patients learn how to cope with their condition and adapt to the challenges that it can cause in everyday life, sustaining a normal, fulfilled life as possible. Social ramifications can have devastating effects on TS patients who are incapable of finding self-worth due to social anxiety and/or personality behavior disorders associated with the condition. These challenges can be more difficult to overcome than the condition itself. Due to misunderstanding and lack of patience between parents and children, problems in home can have a profound effect on a child’s emotional and psychological state. The key for a family is to seek professional guidance and counseling to learn how to deal with and accept the challenges that TS may cause at home. The long-term, lifelong challenges that TS poses to patients are complex. First, acceptance of the condition is imperative. Secondly, and even more important, professional guidance is encouraged in order to help TS patients deal with and adapt to the changes and challenges that he or she will face in life. . Third, as TS sufferers deal with social and personal conflicts, each must find balance in his or her own life through combination of emotional, physical, and medical treatments and methods that are necessary to gain control over the condition. Lastly, it is extremely important for TS patients to find positive experiences and factors in his or her situation. Most people with condition demonstrate certain gifts or abilities such as increased determination and drive, inner and physical strengths, creativity and intelligence. the gifts that TS patients demonstrate. Swain and Leckman (2005) state, â€Å"Children with TS are often observed to be particularly attuned to the concerns and well being of others, possibly because of their own experience of illness. † These positive traits can help offset the negativities often experienced by TS sufferers. As with anything, the more positive attitude a person adapts in life, the more likely he or she is to succeed and flourish. TS is a condition not considered debilitating or handicapping to anyone, although more severe cases reported have such effects. For society to understand and accept people who suffer from TS, more information needs to be readily available via the internet, medical journals and media coverage in order to educate the general population on this fascinating condition of the human mind and body. Society often misunderstands those who suffer from TS, because the condition is commonly misdiagnosed and misunderstood. Tourette syndrome is not contagious; therefore, no one has a reason to fear or reject those who suffer from the condition. References Mayo Clinic Staff (2004, March). Tourette syndrome. hhtp://www. mayoclinic. com Swain, J. J. , Leckman, J. F. , (2005) Tourette syndrome and tic disorders: Overview and Practical Guide to Diagnosis and Treatment. _ Psychiatry_ Leckman. J. F. , (1997, April). What Genes Confer Vulnerability to Gilles de la Tourette’s syndrome? Psychiatric Annals. Olivier, M. A. J. , Meyer, L. W. , De Lange, N. (2003). Tourette’s syndrome: isn’t that the foul mouth disease? Early Child Development and Care Prestia, K. (2003, November). Tourette’s syndrome: Characteristics and Interventions. Intervention in School and Clinic. Budman, C. L. , Feirman, L. (2001, September). The relationship of Tourette’s syndrome with its psychiatric co-morbidities: Is there an overlap? Psychiatric Annals. How to cite Misconception and Misdiagnosis of Tourette Syndrome, Papers

Evaluation of Market Power Australian Super Market

Question: Discuss about the Evaluation of Market Power for Australian Super Market. Answer: Introduction The report aims to analyse the nature of Australian super market industry and its structure. The study mainly focuses on the market power of two supermarket giants Coles and Woolworths. Coles is the firm which has showed steady performance while other firms have suffered from lower profit margin. Australian super market industry is oligopolistic as a market power is acquired by a few numbers of firms operating there. Coles has 37.3% and Woolworths has 32.5% market share in this industry (Chung, 2016). Woolworths and Coles together have 1760 supermarket stores in Australia. Consumer base of both companies are strong compared to other market player. The first section of this report analyses the super market power of these companies and the later section discusses on competition between two companies. Market power of the companies Australian grocery supermarket industry is oligopolistic in nature as total market share is entitled to a small number of firms and imperfect competition prevails in this industry. The major market power in this market is Woolworths, Coles, Aldi and Costco. There are other firms, which together hold a small portion of the market share. They engage in price war to increase profit and market share. A fierce competition exists in this market. Woolworths and Cole has economies of scale in this market and hence price cut is easier for them compared to other small firms (Dwivedi, et al., 2012). Another strategy that these two firms use to increase market share is product differentiation and expansion of product range. Market power is determined by market share, range of products, customer base, and number of employment. As stated by Tyers (2015), market power is determined by the ability of the firm to raise profitability by setting price over the marginal cost. Market power of the firm indicates power to raise prices without losing number of consumers. Leigh (2016) argued that firms that have low market power are price take in the industry. Therefore, it can be inferred that the firm, which can control over the price and output in the market, get a market leadership in the industry. In the view of Hughes et al. (2013), market power is determined by the barriers to entry in the market and availability of substitute in the market. An oligopolistic firm has negatively sloped demand curve. The firm has rising marginal cost curve. Equilibrium price is determined at the intersection point of marginal cost and marginal revenue curve. However, as the firm has some extent of market power, the oligopolistic firm sets price above the competitive price level and as per average revenue(Hughes, et al., 2013)). The market power of the company depends on the power of raising price over the marginal cost. It depends on the elasticity of the demand curve of the firm. The market power is higher when elasticity of demand is less (Tyers, 2015). Demand curve of the firm is less elastic, when is less options available to the consumers. Food supermarket in Australia is oligopolistic as Woolworths and Coles follows all these criteria. Chung (2016) stated that Australian people spends $100 per week at Coles and Woolworths stores. These two firms have able to create the brand awareness so that consumer always gives first preferences to either Coles or Woolworths. Keith (2012) mentioned that Coles and Woolworths controls around 70% of the market share in Australian super market industry. Concentration of market power of these two firms has led the Australian Competition Commission to inquire into this matter. Profitability of both companies has increased substantially over the years. According to Lawrence, et al., (2013), these two firms put pressure on farmers and on the food chain regarding prices, volume of transaction and commercial strategies. Therefore, they influence the terms of trade in favour of their profitability. Market power of these two companies can be evaluated from the price determination power. As mentioned by Hughes, et al., (2013), when the food supermarket industry was facing deflationary problem in Australia due to global financial crisis, the food price decreased significantly. However, Woolworths and Coles raised prices of food products to boost up the prices. During 2012-13, Woolworth increased price by 2.9% and Coles increased by 1.7%. However, there is a controversy regarding this price rise. Study of Citigroup has shown that price raised by Woolworths two times between May and June in 2014. Prices raised by 1.3 % and 8.7% consecutively. This instance can indicate towards market power of two companies. However, Wardle (2015) argued that these two firms have used price cutting strategy several times. The volume of sales matters in this respect. Supermarket is favourite place to the customer due to availability of range of choice. People get multiple options for buying consumer goods. They can even made choices regarding the price of the product. As the supermarkets such as Woolworths and Coles have large scale of operation, they keep an extensive range of product in the retail stores. The problem is that food products have durability. As there is possibility of food wastage after a curtain period, theses companies limit their orders. Farmers often depend on the giant supermarket firm as the rush of people is concentrated there. Therefore, when big firms like Woolworths and Coles limit their product demand, farmers has to cut their production or has to destroy their production by making loss (Knox, 2014). This instance implies that these firms exercised monopsony power while dealing with foods suppliers and the farmers. Another indicator of market power is barrier to entry into the market and market share. Firms can enter into the market when exiting firm can make significant positive profit. However, as said by Leigh Triggs (2016), firms can create barrier to entry if cost structure is very high in this industry or there are presence of wide range of differentiated products. There are limited numbers of firms operating in this industry. However, Aldi is a growing super market firm that is giving tough competition to these giant firms in present days. Aldi has potential to grab market share from existing firms. Although Aldi has low market, this firm is growing at a faster rate to catch Woolworths and Coles. Inspite of advent of Aldi in the food super market industry, it can be said that Woolworths and Coles have significant market share as they have been able to create entry to barriers over the years. Price cut and product differentiation have been important strategies for these firms. Therefore, it can be said that concentration of market power has turned the food super market industry from oligopoly to duopoly. Competition between Coles and Woolworths Keating (2015) opined that competition in an oligopolistic market is good for consumer as it maximises consumer welfare. Although Woolworths engage in price war, it rarely responds to price rise but frequently responds to price falls. Tyers (2015) stated that oligopolist firm follow kinked demand curve through short lived price war. During short term price wars between two firms, both firms try to snatch market share. Kinked demand curve predicts that the firm can maximise output at the level Q1 and the price P1. The marginal cost cuts MR at the discontinuous portion. The equilibrium price and output remains unaltered even if the MC curve shifts upward due to rise in cost. Price stability is a characteristic of oligopoly market. In the view of Keith (2012) if any oligopolist like Woolworths or Coles behaves according to the kinked demand curve, it does not respond to the hike in the price of the product above P1. However, as discussed above, it has been seen that price rise by Woolworths has been followed by price hike by Coles. Lawrence, et al., (2013) argued that price hike after global economic crisis was an instance. Response for price hike rarely occurs. The price hike is not profitable for one firm. Reason behind this is if one firm increases price as well, there is a fear of losing market share. Consumers may shift to other firms to purchase same product at a lower price. Therefore, decrease in number of consumer decreases sales volume of the firm and hence negatively impact on the profitability. Therefore, price increase is not profitable and rational. On the other hand, price fall is followed by both firms. If price falls below P1, the rival firm decreases price as well. If the firm does not respond, profitability reduces. By lowering price, a firm can attract more consumers. Therefore, they engage in price war. This reduction in price is beneficial for the consumers in the short run. Leigh Triggs (2016) argued that this price war often results in loss for both the firms. However, in reality, Woolworths and Coles both engage in price war as fierce rivalry exists between them. Therefore, continuous reduction in price may reduce profit margin. In the view of Dwivedi, et al., (2012), as price of product falls, firms reduce their supplies and hence, choices to the consumers decrease. Moreover, quality of the product also decreases. Firm increases there supply when price of the product rises as per the rule of supply. Upward sloping supply curve of the firm shows that firms increases production with the increase in supply price. When price decreases, quantity demanded by the consumer increases, however, firms are not able to supply at the point of market demand. Those excess demand created in the market can be absorbed by other competitive firm. In order to hold the market share, both Woolworths and Coles take various strategies such as online retailing. Aggressive marketing strategy makes consumer better off as consumer surpluses increases. However, aggressive marketing strategy may reduce product quality which may decrease consumer satisfaction. As reported by Chung (2016), Woolworths decided to reduce price as in order to regain its market share. Increasing market share of two firms are treat for the farmers and suppliers. Cost of supply of grocery products increases for the suppliers. As both the firm has market power, they can purchase products at a lower price from the farmers and other suppliers. In the view Feng, et al., (2014), they may even face financial problems in their business operation. As both firms restrict the product demand and emphasise to promote local brand, the big brand gets lesser opportunity to explore in the Australian market. As a result, food security in Australia has been under question. Competition policy is making Australian food market worse off. A healthy competition between two companies is good for the economy. However, as stated by Bariacto Nunzio (2014), aggressive market strategy may ruin sustainability of their business in long run. Firm gets economies of scale when average cost of supply is falling for a long range of output. Barriers to entry in this market reduce due to price competition. Therefore, chances of new entry increase. New entry such as Lidl, Aldi is threats for Woolworths and Coles of reducing market share. However, if the competition shifts from price to product differentiation and product innovation, that would be beneficial for both the companies and the consumers. Marketing strategy of both firms is more or less similar (Dagge, 2016). Therefore, it can be said that fierce competition between two firms may reduce barrier to entry and increase competition in this market. Entry of new firm may make competition healthy. Recommendation In order to improve competition policy in the food super market industry, firms may take other policies such as cost leadership, product differentiation or strategic alliance. Cost leadership is the strategic policy to achieve long run sustainability in the industry. This strategy can give competitive advantage, economies of scale and the market leadership. An oligopolistic firm can be a leader or follower in the market. A follower can take decision after observing the steps taken by the leader and acts accordingly. Another strategy may be strategy alliances between two firms. Cartel formation cans significant barriers to entry in the market by reducing the competition. However, this policy is desirable for the firms but not for the consumer welfare. Conclusion The study presents a report on the market power and competition policy of two giant firms in Australian food super market. The study finds that these two companies hold more than 70% market share in the Australian super market industry. They are able to make growing profits over the years and create significant barriers to entry. However, entry of Aldi in the market has proved that barriers to entry are not high in this market. Product differentiation strategy and the cost leadership make competition easier. Market power of these two firms is such that the super market industry has turned from oligopoly to the duopoly market. References Bariacto, N. Nunzio, J., 2014. Market Power in the Australian Food System - Future Directions International.. [Online] Available at: https://www.futuredirections.org.au/publication/market-power-in-the-australian-food-system [Accessed 18 January 2017]. Chung, F., 2016. Moodys rings Aldi alarm bell for Coles.. [Online] Available at: https://www.news.com.au/finance/business/retail/moodys-rings-aldi-alarm-bell-for-coles-woolies/news-story/5fa28b85abb45c9e06b89b1c9f502fea [Accessed 18 January 2017]. Dagge, J., 2016. Woolies prices go down,. [Online] Available at: https://www.heraldsun.com.au/business/woolworths-prices-go-down-to-compete-with-coles-aldi-costco/news-story/f0d191325094b4cc3a014f9bb3409f79 Dwivedi, A., Merrilees, B. Miller, D. a. H. C., 2012. Brand, value and relationship equities and loyalty-intentions in the Australian supermarket industry.. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services,, Volume 19(5), pp. pp.526-536. Feng, Y., Li, B. Li, B., 2014. Price competition in an oligopoly market with multiple iaas cloud providers. IEEE Transactions on Computers, Volume 63(1), pp. pp.59-73. Hughes, C., Wellard, L., Lin, J. Suen, K. a. C. K., 2013. Regulating health claims on food labels using nutrient profiling: what will the proposed standard mean in the Australian supermarket?.. Public health nutrition, Volume 16(12), pp. pp.2154-2161.. Keating, E., 2015. Supermarket Monsters: Seven insights into how Coles and Woolworths came to dominate Australian groceries. [Online] Available at: https://www.smartcompany.com.au/growth/48367-supermarket-monsters-seven-insights-into-how-coles-and-woolworths-came-to [Accessed 18 January 2017]. Keith, S., 2012. Coles, Woolworths and the local. Locale. The Australasian-Pacific Journal of Regional Food Studies, Volume 2, pp. pp.47-81. Knox, M., 2014. Coles, Woolworths and the price we pay for their domination. [Online] Available at: https://www.themonthly.com.au/issue/2014/august/1406815200/malcolm-knox/supermarket-monsters [Accessed 18 January 2017]. Lawrence, G., Richards, C. Lyons, K., 2013. Food security in Australia in an era of neoliberalism, productivism and climate change.. Journal of Rural Studies, Volume 29, pp. pp.30-39. Leigh, A. Triggs, A., 2016. Markets, monopolies and moguls: The relationship between inequality and competition. Australian Economic Review, Volume 49(4), pp. pp.389-412. Tyers, R., 2015. Service Oligopolies and Australia's Economy?Wide Performance. Australian Economic Review, Volume 48(4), pp. pp.333-356. Wardle, J. a. C. S., 2015. Cross?promotional alcohol discounting in Australia's grocery sector: a barrier to initiatives to curb excessive alcohol consumption?.. Australian and New Zealand journal of public health, Volume 39(2), pp. pp.124-128.